415 ILCS 175/ Paint Stewardship Act.

(415 ILCS 175/1)

Sec. 1. Short title. This Act may be cited as the Paint Stewardship Act.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/5)

Sec. 5. Findings. The General Assembly finds that:

(1) Leftover architectural paints present significant waste management issues for counties and municipalities and create costly environmental, health, and safety risks if not properly managed.

(2) Nationally, an estimated 10% of architectural paint purchased by consumers is leftover. Current governmental programs collect only a fraction of the potential leftover paint for proper reuse, recycling, or disposal. In northern Illinois, there are only 4 permanent household hazardous waste facilities, and these facilities do not typically accept latex paint, which is the most common paint purchased by consumers.

(3) It is in the best interest of this State for paint manufacturers to assume responsibility for the development and implementation of a cost-effective paint stewardship program that will educate consumers on strategies to reduce the generation of leftover paint; provide opportunities to reuse leftover paint; and collect, transport, and process leftover paint for end-of-life management, including reuse, recycling, and disposal. Requiring paint manufacturers to assume responsibility for the collection, recycling, reuse, transportation, and disposal of leftover paint will provide more opportunities for consumers to properly manage their leftover paint, provide fiscal relief for this State and local governments in managing leftover paint, keep paint out of the waste stream, and conserve natural resources.

(4) Similar architectural paint stewardship programs currently operate in 11 jurisdictions and successfully divert a significant portion of the collected paint waste from landfills. These paint stewardship programs are saving counties and municipalities the cost of managing paint waste and have been successful at recycling leftover paint into recycled paint products as well as other products. For instance, in the State of Oregon, 64% of the latex paint collected in the 2019-2020 fiscal year was recycled into paint products, and in Minnesota, 48% of the latex paint collected during the same period was reused or recycled into paint products. Given the lack of access to architectural paint collection programs in Illinois, especially for leftover latex architectural paint, and the demonstrated ability of the paint industry to collect and recycle a substantial portion of leftover architectural paint, this legislation is necessary. It will create a statewide program that diverts a significant portion of paint waste from landfills and facilitates the recycling of leftover paint into paint and other products.

(5) Establishing a paint stewardship program in Illinois will create jobs as the marketplace adjusts to the needs of a robust program that requires transporters and processors. Certain infrastructure already exists in the State, and the program may attract additional resources.

(6) Legislation is needed to establish this program in part because of the risk of antitrust lawsuits. The program involves activities by competitors in the paint industry and may affect the costs or prices of those competitors. As construed by the courts, the antitrust laws impose severe constraints on concerted action by competitors that affect costs or prices. Absent State legislation, participation in this program would entail an unacceptable risk of class action lawsuits. These risks can be mitigated by legislation that would bar application of federal antitrust law under the "state action" doctrine. Under that doctrine, federal antitrust law does not apply to conduct that is (1) undertaken pursuant to a clearly expressed and affirmatively articulated state policy to displace or limit competition and (2) actively supervised by the state.

(7) To ensure that this defense will be available to protect participants in the program, it is important for this State's legislation to be specific about the conduct it is authorizing and to express clearly that the State is authorizing that conduct pursuant to a conscious policy decision to limit the unfettered operation of market forces. It is also critical for the legislation to provide for active supervision of the conduct that might otherwise be subject to antitrust attack. In particular, the legislation must provide for active supervision of the decisions concerning the assessments that will fund the program. A clear articulation of the State's purposes and policies and provisions for active State supervision of the program will ensure that industry participation in the program will not trigger litigation.

(8) To ensure that the costs of the program are distributed in an equitable and competitively neutral manner, the program will be funded through an assessment on each container of paint sold in this State. That assessment will be sufficient to recover, but not exceed, the costs of sustaining the program and will be reviewed and approved by the Environmental Protection Agency. Funds collected through the assessment will be used by the representative organization to operate and sustain the program.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/10)

Sec. 10. Definitions. In this Act:

"Agency" means the Environmental Protection Agency.

"Architectural paint" means interior and exterior architectural coatings sold in containers of 5 gallons or less. "Architectural paint" does not include industrial original equipment or specialty coatings.

"Collection site" means any location, place, tract of land, or facility or improvement at which architectural paint is accepted into a postconsumer paint collection program pursuant to a postconsumer paint collection program plan.

"Environmentally sound management practices" means procedures for the collection, storage, transportation, reuse, recycling, and disposal of architectural paint in a manner that complies with all applicable federal, State, and local laws and any rules, regulations, and ordinances for the protection of human health and the environment. These procedures shall address adequate recordkeeping, tracking and documenting of the final disposition of materials, and environmental liability coverage for the representative organization.

"Household waste" has the meaning given to that term in Section 3.230 of the Environmental Protection Act.

"Manufacturer" means a manufacturer of architectural paint who sells, offers for sale, or distributes the architectural paint in the State under the manufacturer's own name or brand or another brand. "Manufacturer" does not include a retailer that trademarks or owns a brand of architectural paint that is sold, offered for sale, or distributed within or into this State and that is manufactured by a person other than a retailer.

"Person" has the meaning given to that term in Section 3.315 of the Environmental Protection Act.

"Postconsumer paint" means architectural paint not used and no longer wanted by a purchaser.

"Program" means the postconsumer paint stewardship program established pursuant to Section 15.

"Recycling" has the meaning given to that term in Section 3.380 of the Environmental Protection Act.

"Representative organization" means a nonprofit organization established by one or more manufacturers to implement a postconsumer paint stewardship program under this Act.

"Retailer" means a person that sells or offers to sell at retail in this State architectural paint.

"Very small quantity generator" has the meaning given to that term in 40 CFR 260.10.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/15)

(Text of Section before amendment by P.A. 103-887)

Sec. 15. Paint stewardship program plan.

(a) Each manufacturer of architectural paint sold or offered for sale at retail in the State shall submit to the Agency a plan for the establishment of a postconsumer paint stewardship program. The program shall seek to reduce the generation of postconsumer paint, promote its reuse and recycling, and manage the postconsumer paint waste stream using environmentally sound management practices.

(b) A plan submitted under this Section shall:

(1) Provide a list of participating manufacturers and brands covered by the program.

(2) Provide information on the architectural paint products covered under the program, such as interior or exterior water-based and oil-based coatings, primers, sealers, or wood coatings.

(3) Describe how it will provide for the statewide collection of postconsumer architectural paint in the State. The manufacturer or representative organization may coordinate the program with existing household hazardous waste collection infrastructure as is mutually agreeable with the person operating the household waste collection infrastructure.

(4) Provide a goal of sufficient number and geographic distribution of collection sites, collection services, or collection events for postconsumer architectural paint to meet the following criteria:

(A) at least 90% of State residents shall have a collection site, collection service, or collection event within a 15-mile radius; and

(B) at least one collection site, collection service, or collection event for every 50,000 residents of the State.

(5) Describe how postconsumer paint will be managed using the following strategies: reuse, recycling, and disposal.

(6) Describe education and outreach efforts to inform consumers about the program. These efforts should include:

(A) information about collection opportunities for postconsumer paint;

(B) information about the fee for the operation of the program that shall be included in the purchase price of all architectural paint sold in the State; and

(C) efforts to promote the source reduction, reuse, and recycling of architectural paint.

(7) Include a certification from an independent auditor that any added fee to paint sold in the State as a result of the postconsumer paint stewardship program does not exceed the costs to operate and sustain the program in accordance with sound management practices. The independent auditor shall verify that the amount added to each unit of paint will cover the costs and sustain the postconsumer paint stewardship program.

(8) Describe how the paint stewardship program will incorporate and compensate service providers for activities conducted under the program that may include:

(A) the collection of postconsumer architectural paint and architectural paint containers through permanent collection sites, collection events, or curbside services;

(B) the reuse or processing of postconsumer architectural paint at a permanent collection site; and

(C) the transportation, recycling, and proper disposal of postconsumer architectural paint.

(c) Independent audits conducted for the purposes of this Act must be conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. The work product of the independent auditor shall be submitted to the Agency as part of the annual report required by Section 40. The cost of any work performed by the independent auditor shall be funded by the program.

(d) Not later than 60 days after submission of the plan under this Section, the Agency shall determine in writing whether to approve the plan as submitted or disapprove the plan. The Agency shall approve a plan if it contains all of the information required under subsection (b). If the plan is disapproved, the manufacturer or representative organization shall resubmit a plan within 45 calendar days of receipt of the notice of disapproval.

(e) If a manufacturer or representative organization determines that the paint stewardship fee should be adjusted because the independent audit reveals that the cost of administering the program exceeds the revenues generated by the paint stewardship fee, the manufacturer or representative organization shall submit to the Agency a justification for the adjustment as well as financial reports to support the adjustment, including a 5-year projection of the financial status of the organization. The submission shall include a certification from an independent auditor that the proposed fee adjustment will generate revenues necessary and sufficient to pay the program expenses, including any accumulated debt, and develop a reasonable reserve level sufficient to sustain the program. The Agency shall approve the fee adjustment if the submission contains all of the information required under this subsection.

(f) Within 45 calendar days after Agency approval of a plan, the Agency shall post on its website, and the manufacturer or representative organization shall post on its website, the names of the manufacturers participating in the plan, the brands of architectural paint covered by the program, and a copy of the plan.

(g) Each manufacturer under the plan shall include in the price of any architectural paint sold to retailers or distributors in the State the per container amount of the fee set forth in the plan or fee adjustment. If a representative organization is implementing the plan for a manufacturer, the manufacturer is responsible for filing, reporting, and remitting the paint stewardship fee assessment for each container of architectural paint to the representative organization. A retailer or distributor shall not deduct the amount of the fee from the purchase price of any paint it sells.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(Text of Section after amendment by P.A. 103-887)

Sec. 15. Paint stewardship program plan.

(a) Each manufacturer of architectural paint sold or offered for sale at retail in the State shall submit to the Agency a plan for the establishment of a postconsumer paint stewardship program. The program shall seek to reduce the generation of postconsumer paint, promote its reuse and recycling, and manage the postconsumer paint waste stream using environmentally sound management practices.

(b) A plan submitted under this Section shall:

(1) Provide a list of participating manufacturers and brands covered by the program.

(2) Provide information on the architectural paint products covered under the program, such as interior or exterior water-based and oil-based coatings, primers, sealers, or wood coatings.

(3) Describe how it will provide for the statewide collection of postconsumer architectural paint in the State. The manufacturer or representative organization may coordinate the program with existing household hazardous waste collection infrastructure as is mutually agreeable with the person operating the household waste collection infrastructure.

(4) Provide a goal of sufficient number and geographic distribution of collection sites, collection services, or collection events for postconsumer architectural paint to meet the following criteria:

(A) at least 90% of State residents shall have a collection site, collection service, or collection event within a 15-mile radius; and

(B) at least one collection site, collection service, or collection event for every 50,000 residents of the State.

(5) Describe how postconsumer paint will be managed using the following strategies: reuse, recycling, and disposal.

(6) Describe education and outreach efforts to inform consumers about the program. These efforts should include:

(A) information about collection opportunities for postconsumer paint;

(B) information about the fee for the operation of the program that shall be included in the purchase price of all architectural paint sold in the State; and

(C) efforts to promote the source reduction, reuse, and recycling of architectural paint.

(7) Include a certification from an independent auditor that any added fee to paint sold in the State as a result of the postconsumer paint stewardship program does not exceed the costs to operate and sustain the program in accordance with sound management practices. The independent auditor shall verify that the amount added to each unit of paint will cover the costs and sustain the postconsumer paint stewardship program.

(8) Describe how the paint stewardship program will incorporate and compensate service providers for activities conducted under the program that may include:

(A) the collection of postconsumer architectural paint and architectural paint containers through permanent collection sites, collection events, or curbside services;

(B) the reuse or processing of postconsumer architectural paint at a permanent collection site; and

(C) the transportation, recycling, and proper disposal of postconsumer architectural paint.

(c) Independent audits conducted for the purposes of this Act must be conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. The work product of the independent auditor shall be submitted to the Agency as part of the annual report required by Section 40. The cost of any work performed by the independent auditor shall be funded by the program.

(d) Not later than 90 days after submission of the plan under this Section, the Agency shall determine in writing whether to approve the plan as submitted or disapprove the plan. The Agency shall approve a plan if it contains all of the information required under subsection (b). If the plan is disapproved, the manufacturer or representative organization shall resubmit a plan within 45 calendar days of receipt of the notice of disapproval.

(e) If a manufacturer or representative organization determines that the paint stewardship fee should be adjusted because the independent audit reveals that the cost of administering the program exceeds the revenues generated by the paint stewardship fee, the manufacturer or representative organization shall submit to the Agency a justification for the adjustment as well as financial reports to support the adjustment, including a 5-year projection of the financial status of the organization. The submission shall include a certification from an independent auditor that the proposed fee adjustment will generate revenues necessary and sufficient to pay the program expenses, including any accumulated debt, and develop a reasonable reserve level sufficient to sustain the program. The Agency shall approve the fee adjustment if the submission contains all of the information required under this subsection.

(f) Within 45 calendar days after Agency approval of a plan, the Agency shall post on its website, and the manufacturer or representative organization shall post on its website, the names of the manufacturers participating in the plan, the brands of architectural paint covered by the program, and a copy of the plan.

(g) Each manufacturer under the plan shall include in the price of any architectural paint sold to retailers or distributors in the State the per container amount of the fee set forth in the plan or fee adjustment. If a representative organization is implementing the plan for a manufacturer, the manufacturer is responsible for filing, reporting, and remitting the paint stewardship fee assessment for each container of architectural paint to the representative organization. A retailer or distributor shall not deduct the amount of the fee from the purchase price of any paint it sells.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24; 103-887, eff. 1-1-25.)

(415 ILCS 175/20)

Sec. 20. Incineration prohibited. No person shall incinerate architectural paint collected pursuant to a paint stewardship plan approved in accordance with Section 15.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/25)

(Text of Section before amendment by P.A. 103-887)

Sec. 25. Plan submission. The plan required by Section 15 shall be submitted not later than 12 months after the effective date of this Act.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(Text of Section after amendment by P.A. 103-887)

Sec. 25. Plan submission. The plan required by Section 15 shall be submitted not later than July 1, 2025 after the effective date of this Act.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24; 103-887, eff. 1-1-25.)

(415 ILCS 175/30)

Sec. 30. Sale of paint.

(a) A manufacturer or retailer shall not sell or offer for sale architectural paint to any person in the State unless the manufacturer of the paint brand or the manufacturer's representative organization is implementing a paint stewardship plan approved in accordance with Section 15.

(b) A retailer shall not be in violation of subsection (a) if, on the date the architectural paint was sold or offered for sale, the paint or the paint's manufacturer are listed on the Agency's website pursuant to subsection (f) of Section 15.

(c) A paint collection site accepting paint for a program approved under this Act shall not charge for the collection of the paint when it is offered for collection.

(d) No retailer is required to participate in a paint stewardship program as a collection site. A retailer may participate as a paint collection site on a voluntary basis, subject to the same terms, conditions, and requirements that apply to any other collection site.

(e) Nothing in this Act shall require a retailer to track, file, report, submit, or remit a paint stewardship assessment, sales data, or any other information on behalf of a manufacturer, distributor, or representative organization. Nothing in this Act prohibits a manufacturer and a retailer from entering into remitter agreements.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/35)

Sec. 35. Liability. A manufacturer or representative organization participating in a postconsumer paint stewardship program shall not be liable for any claim of a violation of antitrust, restraint of trade, unfair trade practice, or other anticompetitive conduct arising from conduct undertaken in accordance with the program.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/40)

(Text of Section before amendment by P.A. 103-887)

Sec. 40. Annual report. By July 1, 2026, and each July 1 thereafter, a manufacturer or representative organization shall submit a report to the Agency that details the implementation of the manufacturer's or representative organization's program during the prior calendar year. The report shall include:

(1) a description of the methods used to collect and transport the postconsumer paint collected by the program;

(2) the volume and type of postconsumer paint collected and a description of the methods used to process the paint, including reuse, recycling, and other methods;

(3) samples of the educational materials provided to consumers of architectural paint; and

(4) the total cost of the program and an independent financial audit of the program. An independent financial auditor shall be chosen by the manufacturer or representative organization.

The Agency and the manufacturer or manufacturer's representative organization shall post a copy of each annual report on their websites.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(Text of Section after amendment by P.A. 103-887)

Sec. 40. Annual report. By July 1, 2028, and each July 1 thereafter, a manufacturer or representative organization shall submit a report to the Agency that details the implementation of the manufacturer's or representative organization's program during the prior calendar year. The report shall include:

(1) a description of the methods used to collect and transport the postconsumer paint collected by the program;

(2) the volume and type of postconsumer paint collected and a description of the methods used to process the paint, including reuse, recycling, and other methods;

(3) samples of the educational materials provided to consumers of architectural paint; and

(4) the total cost of the program and an independent financial audit of the program. An independent financial auditor shall be chosen by the manufacturer or representative organization.

The Agency and the manufacturer or manufacturer's representative organization shall post a copy of each annual report on their websites.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24; 103-887, eff. 1-1-25.)

(415 ILCS 175/45)

Sec. 45. Disclosure. Financial, production, or sales data reported to the Agency by a manufacturer, retailer, or representative organization is confidential business information that is exempt from disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/50)

Sec. 50. Program plan submission fee. A manufacturer or representative organization submitting a program plan shall pay an administrative fee of $10,000 to the Agency at the time of submission.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/55)

Sec. 55. Administration fee. By July 1, 2026, and each July 1 thereafter, a manufacturer or representative organization operating a stewardship program shall remit to the Agency a $40,000 administration fee.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/57)

Sec. 57. Agency fees. All fees submitted to the Agency under this Act shall be deposited into the Solid Waste Management Fund to be used for costs associated with the administration of this Act.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/60)

Sec. 60. Implementation. Six months following the date of the program approval, a manufacturer or representative organization shall implement a postconsumer paint collection plan approved in accordance with Section 15.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/65)

Sec. 65. Postconsumer paint from households and small businesses.

(a) Delivery of leftover architectural paint by households and very small quantity generators to a collection site is authorized to the extent provided in the postconsumer paint program approved in accordance with Section 15 and in accordance with federal and State law, rules, and regulations.

(b) Collection sites shall accept and temporarily store architectural paint from households and very small quantity generators to the extent provided in the postconsumer paint stewardship program approved in accordance with Section 15 and in accordance with federal and State law, rules, and regulations.

(c) Nothing in this Act shall be construed as restricting the collection of architectural paint by a postconsumer paint stewardship program where the collection is authorized under any otherwise applicable hazardous waste or solid waste laws, rules, or regulations.

(d) Nothing in this Act shall be construed to affect any requirements applicable to any person under any otherwise applicable hazardous waste or solid waste laws, rules, or regulations.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/70)

Sec. 70. Penalties.

(a) Any person who violates any provision of this Act is liable for a civil penalty of $7,000 per violation, except that the failure to register or pay a fee under this Act shall cause the person who fails to register or pay the fee to be liable for a civil penalty that is double the applicable registration fee.

(b) The penalties provided for in this Section may be recovered in a civil action brought in the name of the people of the State of Illinois by the State's Attorney of the county in which the violation occurred or by the Attorney General. Any penalties collected under this Section in an action in which the Attorney General has prevailed shall be deposited into the Environmental Protection Trust Fund, to be used in accordance with the provision of the Environmental Protection Trust Fund Act.

(c) The Attorney General or the State's Attorney of a county in which a violation occurs may institute a civil action for an injunction, prohibitory or mandatory, to restrain violations of this Act or to require such actions as may be necessary to address violations of this Act.

(d) The penalties and injunctions provided in this Act are in addition to any penalties, injunctions, or other relief provided under any other State law. Nothing in this Act bars a cause of action by the State for any other penalty, injunction, or other relief provided by any other law.

(e) Any person who knowingly makes a false, fictitious, or fraudulent material statement, orally or in writing, to the Agency, related to or required by this Act or any rule adopted under this Act commits a Class 4 felony, and each such statement or writing shall be considered a separate Class 4 felony. A person who, after being convicted under this subsection, violates this subsection a second or subsequent time commits a Class 3 felony.

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24.)

(415 ILCS 175/905)

Sec. 905. (Amendatory provisions; text omitted).

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24; text omitted.)

(415 ILCS 175/910)

Sec. 910. (Amendatory provisions; text omitted).

(Source: P.A. 103-372, eff. 1-1-24; text omitted.)