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| Public Act 103-0301 | ||||
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AN ACT concerning civil law.
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Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois,
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represented in the General Assembly:
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Section 5. The Probate Act of 1975 is amended by changing | ||||
Sections 1-2.25, 8-1, and 8-2 as follows: | ||||
(755 ILCS 5/1-2.25) | ||||
Sec. 1-2.25.
Where this Act requires information to be | ||||
"written" or "in writing", or provides for certain | ||||
consequences if it is not, an electronic record under the | ||||
Electronic Wills, Electronic Estate Planning Documents, and | ||||
Remote Witnesses Act satisfies the provisions of this Act. | ||||
(Source: P.A. 102-167, eff. 7-26-21.)
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(755 ILCS 5/8-1) (from Ch. 110 1/2, par. 8-1)
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Sec. 8-1. Contest of
admission of will to probate; notice. | ||||
(a) Within 6 months after the admission
to probate of a | ||||
domestic will in accordance with the provisions
of Section 6-4 | ||||
or Section 20-20 or 20-25 of the Electronic Wills, Electronic | ||||
Estate Planning Documents, and Remote Witnesses Act, or of a | ||||
foreign will in accordance with the provisions of
Article VII | ||||
of this Act, any interested person may file a petition in the | ||||
proceeding
for the administration of the testator's estate or, | ||||
if no proceeding is
pending,
in the court in which the will was | ||||
admitted to probate, to contest the validity
of the will.
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(b) The petitioner shall cause a copy of the petition to be | ||
mailed or
delivered
to the representative, to his or her
| ||
attorney of
record, and to each heir and legatee whose name is | ||
listed in the petition to
admit the will to probate and in any | ||
amended petition filed in accordance with
Section 6-11,
at the | ||
address stated in the petition or amended petition. Filing a
| ||
pleading constitutes a waiver of the mailing or delivery of | ||
the notice to the
person filing the pleading. Failure to mail | ||
or deliver a copy of the petition
to an heir or a legatee does | ||
not extend the time within which a petition to
contest
the will | ||
may be filed under subsection (a) of this Section or affect the
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validity of the judgment judgement entered in the proceeding.
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(c) Any contestant or proponent may demand a
trial by | ||
jury. An issue
shall be made whether or not the instrument | ||
produced is
the will of the testator. The contestant shall in | ||
the first instance proceed
with proof to establish the | ||
invalidity of the will. At the close of the
contestant's case, | ||
the proponent may present evidence to sustain the will.
An | ||
authenticated transcript of the testimony of any witness or | ||
other party taken at the
time of the hearing on the admission | ||
of the will to probate, or an affidavit
of any witness or other | ||
party received as evidence under subsection 6-4(b), paragraphs | ||
(c) and (e) of Section 20-20 of the Electronic Wills, | ||
Electronic Estate Planning Documents, and Remote Witnesses | ||
Act, or Section 20-25 of the Electronic Wills, Electronic | ||
Estate Planning Documents, and Remote Witnesses Act, is | ||
admissible in
evidence.
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(d) The right to institute or continue a proceeding to | ||
contest the validity
of a will survives and descends to the | ||
heir, legatee, representative, grantee
or assignee of the | ||
person entitled to institute the proceeding.
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(e) It is the duty of the representative to defend a | ||
proceeding to contest
the validity of the will. The court may | ||
order the representative to defend
the proceeding or prosecute | ||
an appeal from the judgment. If the representative
fails or | ||
refuses to do so when ordered by the court, or if there is no
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representative then acting, the court, upon its
motion or on | ||
application of any interested person, may appoint a special
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administrator to defend or appeal in his stead.
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(f) An action to set aside or contest the validity of a | ||
revocable inter
vivos trust agreement or declaration of trust | ||
to which a legacy is provided by
the settlor's will which is | ||
admitted to probate shall be commenced within and
not after | ||
the time to contest the validity of a will as provided in
| ||
subsection (a) of this Section
and Section 13-223 of the Code | ||
of Civil Procedure.
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(g) This amendatory Act of 1995 applies to pending cases | ||
as well as cases
commenced on or after its effective date.
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(Source: P.A. 102-167, eff. 7-26-21.)
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(755 ILCS 5/8-2) (from Ch. 110 1/2, par. 8-2)
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Sec. 8-2. Contest of denial of admission of will to | ||
probate.
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(a) Within
6 months after the entry of an order denying | ||
admission to probate of a domestic
will in accordance with the | ||
provisions of Section 6-4 or Section 20-20 or 20-25 of the | ||
Electronic Wills, Electronic Estate Planning Documents, and | ||
Remote Witnesses Act, or of a foreign will
in accordance with | ||
the provisions of Article VII of this Act, any interested | ||
person
desiring to contest the denial of admission may file a | ||
petition to admit
the will to probate in the proceeding for the | ||
administration of the
decedent's estate
or, if no proceeding | ||
is pending, in the court which
denied admission of the
will to | ||
probate. The petition must state the facts required to be | ||
stated
in Section 6-2 or 6-20, whichever is applicable.
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(b) The petitioner shall cause a copy of the petition to be | ||
mailed or
delivered
to the representative, to his or her | ||
attorney of record, and to
each
heir and legatee whose name is | ||
listed in the petition to admit the will to
probate and in any | ||
amended petition filed in accordance with Section 6-11, at
the | ||
address stated in the petition or amended petition. Filing a | ||
pleading
constitutes a waiver of the
mailing or delivery of | ||
the notice to the person
filing the pleading. Failure to mail | ||
or deliver a copy of the petition to an
heir or legatee does | ||
not extend the time within which a petition to admit the
will
| ||
to probate may be filed under subsection (a) of Section 8-1 or
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affect the validity of the judgment entered in the proceeding.
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(c) Any proponent or contestant may demand a
trial by | ||
jury. An issue
shall be made whether or not the instrument | ||
produced is the will of the
testator. The proponent shall in | ||
the first instance proceed
with proof to establish the | ||
validity of the will and may introduce any evidence
competent | ||
to establish a will. Any interested person may oppose the | ||
petition
and may introduce any evidence admissible in a will | ||
contest under Section
8-1. At the close of the contestant's | ||
case, the proponent may present further
evidence to sustain | ||
the will.
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(d) The right to institute or continue a proceeding to | ||
contest the denial
of admission of a will to probate survives | ||
and descends to the heir, legatee,
representative, grantee or | ||
assignee of the person entitled to institute
the proceeding.
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(e) The court may order the representative to defend a | ||
proceeding to probate
the will or prosecute an appeal from the | ||
judgment. If the representative
fails or refuses to do so when | ||
ordered by the court, or if there is no
representative then | ||
acting, the court, upon its
motion or on application of any | ||
interested person, may appoint a special
administrator to do | ||
so in his stead.
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(f) A person named as executor in a will that has been | ||
denied admission
to probate has no duty to file or support a | ||
petition under Section 8-2.
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(g) This amendatory Act of 1995 applies to pending cases | ||
as well as cases
commenced on or after its effective date.
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(Source: P.A. 102-167, eff. 7-26-21.)
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Section 10. The Electronic Wills and Remote Witnesses Act | ||
is amended by changing Sections 1-1, 1-5, 1-15, and 1-20 and by | ||
adding Article 11 as follows: | ||
(755 ILCS 6/1-1)
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Sec. 1-1. Short title. This Act may be cited as the | ||
Electronic Wills, Electronic Estate Planning Documents, and | ||
Remote Witnesses Act.
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(Source: P.A. 102-167, eff. 7-26-21.) | ||
(755 ILCS 6/1-5)
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Sec. 1-5. Purpose. The purpose of this Act is to provide | ||
for: (1) the valid execution, attestation, self-proving, and | ||
probate of electronic wills, paper copies of electronic wills, | ||
and wills attested to by witnesses through audio-video | ||
communication; (2) the valid execution of electronic | ||
nontestamentary estate planning documents and validation of | ||
electronic signatures on nontestamentary estate planning | ||
documents; and (3) (2) the valid execution, attestation, and | ||
witnessing of documents, other than wills, through audio-video | ||
communication.
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(Source: P.A. 102-167, eff. 7-26-21.) | ||
(755 ILCS 6/1-15)
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Sec. 1-15. Relation to Probate Act of 1975, other | ||
statutes, and common law. All electronic wills, paper copies | ||
of electronic wills, and wills attested to under this Act are | ||
subject to all requirements of the Probate Act of 1975 and the | ||
common law, but to the extent the common law or any provision | ||
of the Probate Act of 1975 conflicts with or is modified by | ||
this Act, the requirements of this Act control. | ||
Nontestamentary estate planning documents executed in | ||
accordance with this Act are subject to all requirements of | ||
the various statutes applicable thereto, but to the extent the | ||
common law or any statute conflicts with or is modified by this | ||
Act, the requirements of this Act control.
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(Source: P.A. 102-167, eff. 7-26-21.) | ||
(755 ILCS 6/1-20)
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Sec. 1-20. Definitions. As used in this Act: | ||
"Audio-video communication" means communication by which a | ||
person can hear, see, and communicate with another person in | ||
real time using electronic means. A person's visual or hearing | ||
impairment does not prohibit or limit that person's use of | ||
audio-visual communication under this Act. | ||
"Electronic" means relating to technology having | ||
electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, | ||
electromagnetic, or similar capabilities. | ||
"Electronic record" means a record generated, | ||
communicated, received, or stored by electronic means for use | ||
in an information system or for transmission from one | ||
information system to another. | ||
"Electronic signature" means a signature in electronic | ||
form that uses a security procedure under the Electronic | ||
Commerce Security Act and attached to or logically associated | ||
with an electronic record. | ||
"Electronic will" is a will that is created and maintained | ||
as a tamper-evident electronic record. | ||
"Identity proofing" means a process or service through | ||
which a third person affirms the identity of an individual | ||
through a review of personal information from public and | ||
proprietary data sources, including: (1) by means of dynamic | ||
knowledge-based authentication, including a review of personal | ||
information from public or proprietary data sources; or (2) by | ||
means of an analysis of biometric data, including, but not | ||
limited to, facial recognition, voiceprint analysis, or | ||
fingerprint analysis. | ||
"Information" includes data, text, images, codes, computer | ||
programs, software, and databases. | ||
"Nontestamentary estate planning document" means a record | ||
relating to estate planning that is readable as text at the | ||
time of signing and is not a will or contained in a will. | ||
"Nontestamentary estate planning document" includes a record | ||
readable as text at the time of signing that creates, | ||
exercises, modifies, releases, or revokes: (1) a trust | ||
instrument;
(2) a trust power that under the terms of the trust | ||
requires a signed record, such as a power to appoint, remove, | ||
or designate a trustee or other fiduciary or powerholder, a | ||
power to direct a trustee, a power to modify or amend, a power | ||
to withdraw assets, a power to decant, a power to waive notice, | ||
or any other power granted under this Act, any other statute, | ||
the terms of a trust, or any rule of law possessed by a | ||
trustee, a grantor, a beneficiary, or a third party;
(3) a | ||
certification of a trust under Section 1013 of the Illinois | ||
Trust Code;
(4) a power of attorney that is durable under | ||
Article II of the Illinois Power of Attorney Act;
(5) an | ||
agent's certification under Section 2-8 of the Illinois Power | ||
of Attorney Act of the validity of a power of attorney and the | ||
agent's authority;
(6) a power of appointment;
(7) an advance | ||
directive, including a health care power of attorney, | ||
directive to physicians, natural death statement, living will, | ||
and medical or physician order for life-sustaining treatment;
| ||
(8) a record directing the disposition of an individual's body | ||
after death;
(9) a nomination of a guardian for the signing | ||
individual, including a short-term, temporary, or standby | ||
guardian;
(10) a nomination of a guardian for a minor child or | ||
disabled adult child, including a short-term, temporary, or | ||
standby guardian; (11) a supported decision-making agreement | ||
under the Supported Decision-Making Agreement Act; (12) a | ||
mental health treatment declaration; (13) a community property | ||
survivorship agreement;
(14) a disclaimer under Section 2-7 of | ||
the Probate Act of 1975; and
(15) any other record intended to | ||
carry out an individual's intent regarding property or health | ||
care while incapacitated or on death. "Nontestamentary estate | ||
planning document" does not include a deed of real property or | ||
a certificate of title for a vehicle, watercraft, or aircraft. | ||
"Paper copy" means a tamper-evident electronic record that | ||
is printed and contains the following: (1) the text of the | ||
document; (2) the electronic signature of the signer; (3) a | ||
readable copy of the evidence of any changes displayed in the | ||
electronic record; and (4) any exhibits, attestation clauses, | ||
affidavits, or other items forming a part of the document or | ||
contained in the electronic record. | ||
"Paper document" means a document that is written or | ||
printed on paper. | ||
"Person" means an individual, estate, business or | ||
nonprofit entity, government or governmental subdivision, | ||
agency, or instrumentality, or other legal entity. | ||
"Physical presence" means being in the same physical | ||
location as another person and close enough to see and know the | ||
other person is signing a document. | ||
"Power of attorney" means a record that grants authority | ||
to an agent to act in place of the principal, even if the term | ||
is not used in the record. | ||
"Presence" includes: (1) physical presence; or (2) being | ||
in a different physical location from another person, but | ||
able, using audio-video communication, to know the person is | ||
signing a document in real time. | ||
"Record" means information: (1) inscribed on a tangible | ||
medium; or
(2) stored in an electronic or other medium and | ||
retrievable in a perceivable
form. | ||
"Remote witness" means a person attesting to a document | ||
who is in the presence of the signer or testator through | ||
audio-video communication. | ||
"Rule of law" means any statute, ordinance, common law | ||
rule, court decision, or other rule of law enacted, | ||
established, or promulgated by this State or any agency, | ||
commission, department, court, other authority, or political | ||
subdivision of this State. | ||
"Security procedure" means a procedure to verify that an | ||
electronic signature, record, or performance is that of a | ||
specific person or to detect a change or error in an electronic | ||
record. "Security procedure" includes a procedure that uses an | ||
algorithm, code, identifying word or number, encryption, or | ||
callback or other acknowledgment procedure. | ||
"Settlor" means a person, including a testator, that | ||
creates or contributes property to a trust. | ||
"Signature" includes an electronic signature and an ink | ||
signature. | ||
"Sign" means, with present intent to authenticate or adopt | ||
a record, to:
(1) execute or adopt a tangible symbol; or
(2) | ||
attach to or logically associate with the record an electronic | ||
signature. | ||
"State" means a state of the United States, the District | ||
of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or | ||
other territory or possession subject to the jurisdiction of | ||
the United States. "State" includes a federally recognized | ||
Indian tribe. | ||
"Tamper-evident" means a feature of an electronic record | ||
by which any change to the electronic record is displayed. | ||
"Terms of trust" means: (1) the manifestation of the | ||
settlor's intent regarding a trust's provisions as (i) | ||
expressed in the trust instrument or
(ii) established by other | ||
evidence that would be admissible in a judicial proceeding; or
| ||
(2) the trust's provisions as established, determined, or | ||
amended by (i) a trustee or other person in accordance with | ||
applicable law,
(ii) a court order, or
(iii) a nonjudicial | ||
settlement agreement under Section 111 of the Illinois Trust | ||
Code. | ||
"Trust instrument" means an instrument executed by the | ||
settlor that contains terms of the trust, including any | ||
amendments. | ||
"Will" includes a codicil and a testamentary instrument | ||
that merely appoints an executor, revokes or revises another | ||
will, nominates a guardian, or expressly excludes or limits | ||
the right of an individual or class to succeed to property of | ||
the decedent passing by intestate succession.
| ||
(Source: P.A. 102-167, eff. 7-26-21.) | ||
(755 ILCS 6/Art. 11 heading new) | ||
Article 11. Electronic Nontestamentary Estate Planning | ||
Documents | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-5 new) | ||
Sec. 11-5. Construction. This Article shall be construed | ||
and applied to: | ||
(1) facilitate electronic estate planning documents | ||
and signatures consistent with other law; and | ||
(2) be consistent with reasonable practices concerning | ||
electronic documents and signatures and continued | ||
expansion of those practices. | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-10 new) | ||
Sec. 11-10. Scope. | ||
(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), this Article | ||
applies to an electronic nontestamentary estate planning | ||
document and an electronic signature on a nontestamentary | ||
estate planning document. | ||
(b) This Article does not apply to a nontestamentary | ||
estate planning document, will, or terms of a trust governing | ||
the document expressly preclude use of an electronic record or | ||
electronic signature. | ||
(c) This Article does not affect the validity of an | ||
electronic record or electronic signature that is valid under: | ||
(1) the Illinois Uniform Electronic Transactions Act; | ||
(2) any other Section of this Act; or | ||
(3) any other State law relating to nontestamentary | ||
estate planning documents. | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-15 new) | ||
Sec. 11-15. Principles of law and equity. The law of this | ||
State and principles of equity applicable to a nontestamentary | ||
estate planning document apply to an electronic | ||
nontestamentary estate planning document except as modified by | ||
this Article. | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-20 new) | ||
Sec. 11-20. Use of electronic record or signature not | ||
required. | ||
(a) This Article does not require a nontestamentary estate | ||
planning document or signature on a nontestamentary estate | ||
planning document to be created, generated, sent, | ||
communicated, received, stored, or otherwise processed or used | ||
by electronic means or in electronic form. | ||
(b) A person is not required to have a nontestamentary | ||
estate planning document in electronic form or signed | ||
electronically even if the person previously created or signed | ||
a nontestamentary estate planning document by electronic | ||
means. | ||
(c) A person may not waive the provisions of this Section. | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-25 new) | ||
Sec. 11-25. Recognition of electronic nontestamentary | ||
estate planning document and electronic signature. | ||
(a) A nontestamentary estate planning document or a | ||
signature on a nontestamentary estate planning document may | ||
not be denied legal effect or enforceability solely because it | ||
is in electronic form. | ||
(b) If other law of this State or a will or the terms of a | ||
trust governing the nontestamentary estate planning document | ||
require a nontestamentary estate planning document to be in | ||
writing, an electronic record of the document satisfies the | ||
requirement. | ||
(c) If other law of this State requires a signature on a | ||
nontestamentary estate planning document, an electronic | ||
signature satisfies the requirement. | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-30 new) | ||
Sec. 11-30. Attribution and effect of electronic record | ||
and electronic signature. | ||
(a) An electronic nontestamentary estate planning document | ||
or electronic signature on an electronic nontestamentary | ||
estate planning document is attributable to a person if it was | ||
the act of the person. The act of the person may be shown in | ||
any manner, including by showing the efficacy of a security | ||
procedure applied to determine the person to which the | ||
electronic record or electronic signature was attributable. | ||
(b) The effect of attribution to a person under subsection | ||
(a) of a document or signature is determined from the context | ||
and surrounding circumstances at the time of its creation, | ||
execution, or adoption and as provided by other law. | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-35 new) | ||
Sec. 11-35. Notarization and acknowledgment. If other law | ||
of this State or a will or the terms of a trust require or | ||
permit a signature or record to be notarized, acknowledged, | ||
verified, or made under oath, the requirement is satisfied | ||
with respect to an electronic nontestamentary estate planning | ||
document if an individual authorized to perform the | ||
notarization, acknowledgment, verification, or oath attaches | ||
or logically associates the individual's electronic signature | ||
on the document together with all other information required | ||
to be included under the other law. | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-40 new) | ||
Sec. 11-40. Witnessing and attestation. | ||
(a) If other law of this State or a will or the terms of a | ||
trust base the validity of a nontestamentary estate planning | ||
document on whether it is signed, witnessed, or attested by | ||
another individual, the signature, witnessing, or attestation | ||
of that individual may be electronic. | ||
(b) As used in this subsection (b), "electronic presence" | ||
means that 2 or more individuals in different locations are | ||
able to communicate in real time to the same extent as if the | ||
individuals were physically present in the same location. If | ||
other law of this State bases the validity of a | ||
nontestamentary estate planning document on whether it is | ||
signed, witnessed, or attested by another individual in the | ||
presence of the individual signing the document, the presence | ||
requirement is satisfied if the individuals are in each | ||
other's electronic presence. | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-45 new) | ||
Sec. 11-45. Retention of electronic record; original. | ||
(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), if other law of | ||
this State requires an electronic nontestamentary estate | ||
planning document to be retained, transmitted, copied, or | ||
filed, the requirement is satisfied by retaining, | ||
transmitting, copying, or filing an electronic record that: | ||
(1) accurately reflects the information in the | ||
document after it was first generated in final form as an | ||
electronic record or under Section 11-30; and | ||
(2) remains accessible to the extent required by the | ||
other law. | ||
(b) A requirement under subsection (a) to retain a record | ||
does not apply to information the sole purpose of which is to | ||
enable the record to be sent, communicated, or received. | ||
(c) A person may satisfy subsection (a) by using the | ||
services of another person. | ||
(d) If other law of this State requires a nontestamentary | ||
estate planning document to be presented or retained in its | ||
original form, or provides consequences if a nontestamentary | ||
estate planning document is not presented or retained in its | ||
original form, an electronic record retained in accordance | ||
with subsection (a) satisfies the other law. | ||
(e) This Section does not preclude a governmental agency | ||
from specifying requirements for the retention of a record | ||
subject to the agency's jurisdiction in addition to those in | ||
this Section. In this Section, "governmental agency" means an | ||
executive, legislative, or judicial agency, department, board, | ||
commission, authority, institution, or instrumentality of the | ||
federal government or of a state or of a county, municipality, | ||
or other political subdivision of a state. | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-50 new) | ||
Sec. 11-50. Certification of paper copy. An individual may | ||
create a certified paper copy of an electronic nontestamentary | ||
estate planning document by affirming under penalty of perjury | ||
that the paper copy is a complete and accurate copy of the | ||
document. | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-55 new) | ||
Sec. 11-55. Admissibility in evidence. Evidence relating | ||
to an electronic nontestamentary estate planning document or | ||
an electronic signature on the document may not be excluded in | ||
a proceeding solely because it is in electronic form. | ||
(755 ILCS 6/11-60 new) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sec. 11-60. Relation to the Electronic Signatures in | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Global and National Commerce Act. This Article modifies, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
limits, or supersedes the Electronic Signatures in Global and | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
National Commerce Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 7001 et seq., but | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
does not modify, limit, or supersede 15 U.S.C. Section 7001(c) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
described in 15 U.S.C. Section 7003(b). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(755 ILCS 6/11-65 new) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sec. 11-65. Application. This Article applies to an | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
electronic nontestamentary estate planning document created, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
signed, generated, sent, communicated, received, or stored | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
before, on, or after the effective date of this amendatory Act | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
of the 103rd General Assembly. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(755 ILCS 6/11-70 new) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sec. 11-70. Severability. If a provision of this Article | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
or its application to a person or circumstance is held | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
invalid, the invalidity does not affect another provision or | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
application that can be given effect without the invalid | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
provision.
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Section 99. Effective date. This Act takes effect January | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1, 2024.
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